Routing Algorithms for WSN Based on Fuzzy Clustering and Energy-Balance

For the problem of the energy of nodes in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is restricted, two energy-balance clustering routing algorithms which are based on different scale networks are proposed. In the cluster formation phase, both algorithms use an improved Fuzzy C-Means algorithm to allocate sensor nodes into clusters, which remains unchanged throughout the network's lifetime. When the new round begins, the election of cluster heads are based on two different objective function values considering the energy-balance of nodes in a cluster. During the data transmission phase, the sensing data are transfered from each sensor node to their respective cluster head directly, and cluster heads aggregate and send the sensed data to the base station through single-hop and a hybrid mode that combined single-hop and multi-hope. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms can prolong the network lifetime, balance the energy dissipation of all nodes, and effectively lower energy consumption of the network.