Abstract: This paper presents a coverage optimization strategy based on improved artificial fish swarm algorithm for wireless sensor networks.by adjusting the artificial fish swarm range of vision and step adaptively improved the accuracy of optimization,convergence speed and stability,then combined with the nature of the WSN network coverage,the network can be optimized.The simulation results show that: Compared to the basic artificial fish swarm algorithm,the improved artificial fish swarm algorithm optimize the network coverage of the network coverage improved 17%.