Abstract: Through the enhancement of image texture details, improve the analysis ability of recognition and detail features of image acquisition of low quality. Traditional enhancement algorithm uses feature texture structure information sub space multidimensional spectrum peak search method, the algorithm only considers the texture feature of structural information feature subspace, no grid partition and effective for the remaining elements, detail enhancement effect is not good. An improved image enhancement algorithm of patch texture details grid index is proposed based on reverse interpolation. The first image structure and texture information transmission model design, introducing the grid index method for judging the image texture details enhancement priority, to extract details structure feature of image texture, brightness, contrast and structure similarity can be structured effective characterization of image features, using reverse interpolation to realize the image texture detail enhancement, the simulation results show that the detection e probability of the algorithm to the image texture characteristics of the highest, it can effectively ensure the quality of enhanced image, improve recognition and detail features of image acquisition of low quality analysis ability, it has higher application value in image recognition and image processing fields.