Abstract: Aiming at the energy consumption problem in underwater wireless sensor networks, a UWSNs clustering routing algorithm based on improved gray wolf optimization is proposed. It uses the improved grey wolf optimization algorithm to iteratively update to ensure uniform cluster head distribution, balance load and saveenergy. The data transmission phase uses the shortest path selection strategy to ensure minimum energy consumption for multi-hop transmission.Simulation resultsshows thatthis method can reduce the energy consumption of UWSNs and prolong the network life cycle.