Abstract: This paper presents an improved algorithm for FOA, and apply it to WSN problem.The FOA has the characteristics of less parameters, simple structure, strong global search ability and fast convergence speed, the improved algorithm is used to optimize the WSN nodes deployment, which can quickly get the solution set, and has a high coverage rate.Through simulation experiments, we can see that the improved algorithm has faster convergence speed and higher convergence precision compared to the original FOA and other intelligent algorithms, and the results are more close to the theoretical value.