Abstract: In recently years,radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely used.For security issues of RFID,this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of several recently proposed protocols and gives some comparisons of the security properties.A new secure and efficient RFID mutual authentication protocol based on Hash function is proposed.The scheme established by the refreshed dynamically and self-synchronize of the tag's ID has the properties of untraceability,indistinguishability,resistant to the replay attack,spoofing attack,desynchronize attack and denial of service attack etc.,so it can effectively solve the security issues of the RFID system.The scheme is especially applied in low cost、limited computation and large-scale RFID system.