马聪,王凯,许拴拴,等.一种高可靠同步整流变换器的反向电流控制电路[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2023,40(5):126-132. doi: 10.19304/J.ISSN1000-7180.2022.0613
引用本文: 马聪,王凯,许拴拴,等.一种高可靠同步整流变换器的反向电流控制电路[J]. 微电子学与计算机,2023,40(5):126-132. doi: 10.19304/J.ISSN1000-7180.2022.0613
MA C,WANG K,XU S S,et al. A reverse-current control circuit for high-reliability synchronous rectifier converter[J]. Microelectronics & Computer,2023,40(5):126-132. doi: 10.19304/J.ISSN1000-7180.2022.0613
Citation: MA C,WANG K,XU S S,et al. A reverse-current control circuit for high-reliability synchronous rectifier converter[J]. Microelectronics & Computer,2023,40(5):126-132. doi: 10.19304/J.ISSN1000-7180.2022.0613

一种高可靠同步整流变换器的反向电流控制电路

A reverse-current control circuit for high-reliability synchronous rectifier converter

  • 摘要: 在成本与环保问题的强烈推动下,对功率变换器的轻载效率要求不断提高,需要在轻载下进行低功耗设计. 同步整流变换器在轻载下会产生反向电流,而反向电流控制电路是提升轻载效率的有效手段. 传统的反向电流控制电路需要电流采样,或者特定的控制芯片实现,不具备高可靠、低成本的特点. 因此针对高可靠应用,提出了一种新型反向电流控制电路,仅需要少量元器件以及通用PWM控制器即可实现轻载反向电流的阻断. 首先,对轻载下反向电流的产生机理进行了阐述,得到反向电流主要流过同步续流管的结论.其次,详细介绍了提出电路的工作原理,推导了关键参数的表达式,并进行仿真. 最后,将该电路应用于一款100 W的正激同步整流变换器中,并进行参数设计. 测试结果显示,应用该电路的样机可以实现全输入电压范围下的反向电流控制,轻载效率提升了约10%-20%,空载电流降低了87%,输出电压的负载瞬态与负载调整率基本不受影响.

     

    Abstract: Driven by cost and environmental protection issues, the requirements for light-load efficiency of power converters continue to increase, and low-power design under light load is required. The synchronous rectifier converter will generate reverse current under light load, and the reverse current control circuit effectively improves the light load efficiency. The traditional reverse current control circuit requires current sampling or a specific controller, which have not high reliability and low cost. A new reverse current control circuit is proposed for high-reliability applications, which can block light-load reverse current with only a few components and a general-purpose PWM controller. Firstly, the generation mechanism of the reverse current under light load is expounded, and the conclusion is drawn that the reverse current mainly flows through the synchronous freewheel. Secondly, the working principle of the proposed circuit is introduced in detail, the expressions of critical parameters are deduced, and the simulation is carried out. Finally, the circuit is applied to a 100W forward synchronous rectifier converter, and the parameters are designed. The test results show that the prototype can realize reverse current control under the entire input voltage range when applying the circuit. The light-load efficiency is increased by about 10%-20%, the no-load current is reduced by 87%, the load transient and load regulation of the output voltage is unaffected.

     

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